75th Infantry Division (Wehrmacht)
| 75th Infantry Division | |
|---|---|
| German: 75. Infanterie-Division | |
 75. Infanterie Division Vehicle Insignia | |
| Active | 26 August 1939 – 8 May 1945 |
| Country |  Nazi Germany |
| Branch |  Heer ( Wehrmacht) |
| Type | Infantry |
| Size | Division |
| Engagements | Battle of France Operation Barbarossa Battle of Kiev (1941) Battle of Kursk Lower Dnieper Offensive Kamenets-Podolsky pocket Battle of the Dukla Pass Upper Silesian Offensive Prague Offensive |
| Commanders | |
| Notable commanders | Helmuth Beukemann |
The 75th Infantry Division (German: 75. Infanterie-Division) was a German infantry division in World War II. It was formed on 26 August 1939.
Service history
[edit]The 75th Infantry Division was formed on 26 August 1939 as a division of the second Aufstellungswelle in Wehrkreis II using personnel of the 12th Infantry Division (also headquartered at Wehrkreis II) to form three infantry regiments and an artillery regiment. These regiments were the Infantry Regiments 172 (Neustrelitz), 202 (Rostock), and 222 (Schwerin), and the Artillery Regiment 175 (Ludwigslust), as well as the Division Units 175 for divisional support.[1]: 24
On 31 January 1940, the battalion II./172 was transferred to the 292nd Infantry Division as II./508. A third of the division (Staff/222, I./172, I./202, I./222) was transferred away on 8 October 1940 and reassigned to the 302nd Infantry Division. These transfers were subsequently replenished.[1]: 24
The 75th Infantry Division participated in the Massacre at Babi Yar (29–30 September 1941).[2]
After an OKH directive of 15 October 1942, all infantry regiments were redesignated "Grenadier Regiment", though regiments in the tradition of certain previous German military units could instead petition to be called "Rifle Regiment" or "Fusilier Regiment".[3]: 62f. In the case of the 75th Infantry Division, this resulted in the Grenadier Regiments 172 and 222 and, after 11 June 1943, the Fusilier Regiment 202.[1]: 24f.
Following a directive of 2 October 1943, divisions on the Eastern Front were reformed to become Division neuer Art organization-style divisions. The battalions I./272, II./202 and II./222 were dissolved and replaced by their regiments' respective third battalions. The Bicycle Detachment 175, which had been added to the division on 7 June 1942, became the Division Fusilier Battalion 75.[1]: 24f.
On 1 January 1945, the 75th Infantry Division (then a part of Army Group Heinrici (Gotthard Heinrici) under Army Group A) had a strength of 8,441 men.[4]: 504
In March to April 1945, the division was smashed in the Mährisch-Ostrau sector and its remnants absorbed by other forces.[1]: 24f.
Superior formations
[edit]| Year | Month | Army Corps | Army | Army Group | Area of operations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1939 | Sep. | Army reserves | 1st Army | Army Group C | Saar Palatinate |
| Oct. | XXIV Army Corps | ||||
| Dec. | XII Army Corps | ||||
| 1940 | Jan.–Jul. | ||||
| Jul.–Aug. | III Army Corps | 18th Army | None | German-occupied Poland | |
| Sep.–Dec. | 12th Army | Army Group B | |||
| 1941 | Jan.–Apr. | 17th Army | |||
| May | 6th Army | Army Group A | |||
| Jun.–Aug. | LV Army Corps | Army Group South | Kholm, Kyiv | ||
| Sep.–Dec. | XXIX Army Corps | Kyiv, Belgorod | |||
| 1942 | Jan.–Jul. | Belgorod | |||
| Aug. | Army group reserves | ||||
| Sep.–Dec. | VII Army Corps | 2nd Army | Voronezh | ||
| 1943 | Jan.–Feb. | ||||
| Mar.–Jul. | Army Group Center | Sumy | |||
| Aug.–Dec. | 4th Panzer Army | Army Group South | Belgorod, Kyiv, Zhytomir | ||
| 1944 | Jan. | Vinnytsia | |||
| Feb. | 1st Panzer Army | Cherkassy | |||
| Mar. | 8th Army | ||||
| Apr. | XXXXVI Panzer Corps | 1st Panzer Army | Army Group North Ukraine | Brody | |
| May–Jul. | XXIV Army Corps | ||||
| Aug. | XI Army Corps | Carpathian mountains | |||
| Sep. | XXIV Army Corps | ||||
| Oct. | Army Group A | Beskid mountains | |||
| Nov.–Dec. | XI Army Corps | ||||
| 1945 | Jan. | ||||
| Feb.–Mar. | LIX Army Corps | Army Group Center | Upper Silesia | ||
| Apr. | Army reserves | Mährisch-Ostrau |
Commanders
[edit]- Ernst Hammer, 26 August 1939 – 5 September 1942
- Erich Diestel, 5 September 1942 – 12 September 1942
- Helmuth Beukemann, 15 September 1942 – 9 July 1944
- Karl Arning, 10 July 1944 – 5 April 1945
- Lothar Berger, 6 April 1945 – May 1945
- Gerhard Matthaiss, May 1945 – 8 May 1945
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f Tessin, Georg (1977). Die Landstreitkräfte 071–130. Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939-1945 (in German). Vol. 6. Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag. ISBN 3764810971.
- ^ "Babi Yar | Sciences Po Mass Violence and Resistance - Research Network". 31 May 2016.
- ^ Tessin, Georg (1977). Die Waffengattungen - Gesamtübersicht. Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939-1945 (in German). Vol. 1. Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag. ISBN 3764810971.
- ^ Lakowski, Richard (2008). "Der Zusammenbruch der deutschen Verteidigung zwischen Ostsee und Karpaten". In Müller, Rolf-Dieter (ed.). Die Militärische Niederwerfung der Wehrmacht. Das Deutsche Reich und der Zweite Weltkrieg (in German). Vol. 10/1. München: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt. pp. 491–681. ISBN 9783421062376.
External links
[edit]- "75. Infanterie-Division". Lexikon der Wehrmacht. Retrieved 20 January 2011.